Board. Well known for his valuable commentary upon the Canon of Changes, in which he advocated the views of the Han scholars.
68Chang Hung-fan 張弘範 (T. 仲疇). Died A.D. 1279. A general under the Yüan dynasty, chiefly famous for his defeat of the last remaining forces of the expiring Sung dynasty at their final refuge in Kuangtung, where he is said to have captured 8,000 of the enemy's vessels (see Lu Hsiu-fu, Chang Shih-chieh). He was canonised as 武畧, afterwards changed to 武忠.
69Chang Hung-hung 張紅紅. 9th cent. A.D. Concubine to 韋靑 Wei Ch'ing, and a famous musical genius. She was taken into the harem of the Emperor Ching Tsung of the T'ang dynasty, and received the sobriquet of 記曲娘子.
70Chang I 張儀. Died B.C. 310. A native of the Wei State, notorious as a clever political adventurer. In his youth, he and Su Ch'in were servants in a school, and picked up an education by copying the pupils' exercises on their palms and legs, and transcribing them at night when they got home. Subsequently, they both went to study under Kuei-ku Tzŭ, and then became itinerant politicians who laid themselves out for official employment with one or other of the Feudal States. Su Ch'in embraced the federal cause, and induced the Six States Ch'i, Ch'u, Yen, Chao, Wei, and Han, to band together to resist the growing power of the Ch'ins; while Chang I, after a short term of employment in the Ch'u State, entered the service of the ruler of the Ch'in State, and devoted all his energies to bringing the allies under the power of his master. In B.C. 328 he was invested with the title of Foreign Minister, and led a successful campaign against his own native State, by which Ch'in acquired a large slice of Wei. A few years later he was sent to Wei to be Minister, but the plan failed, and in 323 he returned to Ch'in, which State he continued to aid in its acquisition of territory. At length, he persuaded all the Six
