γεμίζεσθαι, χορτάζεσθαι, πλουτεῖν, διακονεῖν ἀπό τινας,—see those verbs. b. of the cause on account of which anything is or is done, where commonly it can be rendered for (Lat. prae, Germ. vor): οὐκ ἠδύνατο ἀπὸ τοῦ ὄχλου, Lk. xix. 3; οὐκέτι ἴσχυσαν ἀπὸ τοῦ πλήθους, Jn. xxi. 6, (Judith ii. 20); ἀπὸ τ. δόξης τοῦ φωτός, Acts xxii. 11; [here many would bring in Heb. v. 7 (W. 371 (348); B. 322 (276)), see I. 3 d. above]. c. of the moving or impelling cause (Lat. ex, prae; Germ. aus, vor), for, out of: ἀπὸ τῆς χαρᾶς αὐτοῦ ὑπάγει, Mt. xiii. 44; ἀπὸ τοῦ φόβου for fear, Mt. xiv. 26; xxviii. 4; Lk. xxi. 26. Hebraistically: φοβεῖσθαι ἀπό τινος (יָרֵא מִן), Mt. x. 28; Lk. xii. 4; φεύγειν ἀπό τινος (נוּס מִן), to flee for fear of one, Jn. x. 5; Mk. xiv. 52 (R G, but L Tr mrg. br. ἀπ’ αὐτῶν); Rev. ix. 6; cf. φεύγω and W. 223 (209 sq.). d. of the efficient cause, viz. of things from the force of which anything proceeds, and of persons from whose will, power, authority, command, favor, order, influence, direction, anything is to be sought; aa. in general: ἀπὸ τοῦ ὕπνου by force of the sleep, Acts xx. 9; ἀπὸ σοῦ σημεῖον, Mt. xii. 38; ἀπὸ δόξης εἰς δόξαν, 2 Co. iii. 18 (from the glory which we behold for ourselves [cf. W. 254 (238)] in a mirror, goes out a glory in which we share, cf. Meyer ad loc.); ἀπὸ κυρίου πνεύματος by the Spirit of the Lord [yet cf. B. 343 (295)], ibid.; ὄλεθρον ἀπὸ προσώπου τοῦ κυρίου destruction proceeding from the (incensed, wrathful) countenance of the Lord, 2 Th. i. 9 (on this passage, to be explained after Jer. iv. 26 Sept., cf. Ewald); on the other hand, ἀνάψυξις ἀπὸ προσώπου τ. κ. Acts iii. 20 (19); ἀπεκτάνθησαν ἀπὸ (Rec. ὑπό) τῶν πληγῶν, Rev. ix. 18. ἀφ’ ἑαυτοῦ, ἀφ’ ἑαυτῶν, ἀπ’ ἐμαυτοῦ, an expression esp. com. in John, of himself (myself, etc.), from his own disposition or judgment, as distinguished from another’s instruction, [cf. W. 372 (348)]: Lk. xii. 57; xxi. 30; Jn. v. 19, 30; xi. 51; xiv. 10; xvi. 13; xviii. 34 [L Tr WH ἀπὸ σεαυτ.]; 2 Co. iii. 5; x. 7 [T Tr WH ἐφ’ ἑ. (see ἐπί A. I. 1 c′.)]; of one’s own will and motion, as opp. to the command and authority of another: Jn. vii. 17 sq. 28; viii. 42; x. 18, (Num. xvi. 28); by one’s own power: Jn. xv. 4; by one’s power and on one’s own judgment: Jn. viii. 28; exx. fr. prof. auth. are given in Kypke, Observ. i. p. 391. [Cf. εὐχὴν ἔχοντες ἀφ’ (al. ἐφ’ see ἐπί A. Ι. 1 f.) ἑαυτῶν, Acts xxi. 23 WH txt.] after verbs of learning, knowing, receiving, ἀπό is used of him to whom we are indebted for what we know, receive, possess, [cf. W. 370 (347) n., also De verb. comp. etc. Pt. ii. p. 7 sq.; B. 324 (279); Mey. on 1 Co. xi. 23; per contra Bp. Lghtft. on Gal. i. 12]: ἀκούειν, Acts ix. 13; 1 Jn. i. 5; γινώσκειν, Mk. xv. 45; λαμβάνειν, Mt. xvii. 25 sq.; 1 Jn. ii. 27; iii. 22 L T Tr WH; ἔχειν, 1 Jn. iv. 21; 2 Co. ii. 3, etc.; παραλαμβάνειν, 1 Co. xi. 23; δέχεσθαι, Acts xxviii. 21; respecting μανθάνειν see above, II. 1 d.; λατρεύω τῷ θεῷ ἀπὸ προγόνων after the manner of the λατρεία received from my forefathers [cf. W. 372 (349); B. 322 (277)], 2 Tim. i. 3. γίνεταί μοι, 1 Co. i. 30; iv. 5; χάρις ἀπὸ θεοῦ or τοῦ θεοῦ, from God, the author, bestower, Ro. i. 7; 1 Co. i. 3; Gal. i. 3, and often; καὶ τοῦτο ἀπὸ θεοῦ, Phil. i. 28. ἀπόστολος ἀπό etc., constituted an apostle by authority and commission, etc. [cf. W. 418 (390)], Gal. i. 1. after πάσχειν, Mt. xvi. 21; [akin to this, acc. to many, is Mt. xxvii. 9 ὃν ἐτιμήσαντο ἀπὸ τῶν υἱῶν Ἰσραήλ, R. V. mrg. whom they priced on the part of the sons of Israel; but see in I. 2 above]. bb. When ἀπὸ is used after passives (which is rare in the better Grk. auth., cf. Bnhdy. p. 222 sqq.; [B. 325 (280); W. 371 (347 sq.)]), the connection between the cause and the effect is conceived of as looser and more remote than that indicated by ὑπό, and may often be expressed by on the part of (Germ. von Seiten), [A. V. generally of]: ἀπὸ τοῦ θεοῦ ἀποδεδειγμένον approved (by miracles) according to God’s will and appointment, Acts ii. 22; ἀπὸ θεοῦ πειράζομαι the cause of my temptation is to be sought in God, Jas. i. 13; ἀπεστερημένος [Τ Tr WH ἀφυστερ.] ἀφ’ ὑμῶν by your fraud, Jas. v. 4; ἀποδοκιμάζεσθαι, Lk. xvii. 25; [ἐδικαιώθη ἡ σοφία ἀπὸ τῶν τέκνων, Lk. vii. 35 acc. to some; see δικαιόω, 2]; τόπον ἡτοιμασμένον ἀπὸ τοῦ θεοῦ by the will and direction of God, Rev. xii. 6; ὀχλούμενοι ἀπὸ (Rec. ὑπό, [see ὀχλέω]) πνευμάτων ἀκαθάρτ. Lk. vi. 18 (whose annoyance by diseases [(?) cf. vs. 17] proceeded from unclean spirits [A. V. vexed (troubled) with etc.]); ἀπὸ τ. σαρκὸς ἐσπιλωμένον by touching the flesh, Jude 23; [add Lk. i. 26 T Tr WH ἀπεστάλη ὁ ἄγγελος ἀπὸ (R G L ὑπὸ) τοῦ θεοῦ]. As in prof. auth. so also in the Ν. T. the Mss. sometimes vary between ἀπό and ὑπό: e. g. in Mk. viii. 31; [Lk. viii. 43]; Acts iv. 36; [x. 17, 33; xv. 4]; Ro. xiii. 1; [xv. 24]; Rev ix. 18; see W. 370 (347) sq.; Β. 325 (280) sq.; [cf. Vincent and Dickson, Mod. Grk. 2d ed. App. § 41].
III. Phrases having a quasi-adverbial force, and indicating the manner or degree in which anything is done or occurs, are the following: ἀπὸ τ. καρδιῶν ὑμῶν from your hearts, i.e. willingly and sincerely, Mt. xviii. 35; ἀπὸ μέρους in part, 2 Co. i. 14; ii. 5; Ro. xi. 25; xv. 24; ἀπὸ μιᾶς sc. either φωνῆς with one voice, or γνώμης or ψυχῆς with one consent, one mind, Lk. xiv. 18 (cf. Kuinoel ad loc.; [W. 423 (394); 591 (549 sq.); yet see Lob. Paralip. p. 363]).
IV. The extraordinary construction ἀπὸ ὁ ὢν (for Rec. ἀπὸ τοῦ ὁ) καὶ ὁ ἦν καὶ ὁ ἐρχόμενος, Rev. i. 4, finds its explanation in the fact that the writer seems to have used the words ὁ ὢν κτλ. as an indeclinable noun, for the purpose of indicating the meaning of the proper name יהוה; cf. W. § 10, 2 fin.; [B. 50 (43)].
V. In composition ἀπό indicates separation, liberation, cessation, departure, as in ἀποβάλλω, ἀποκόπτω, ἀποκυλίω, ἀπολύω, ἀπολύτρωσις, ἀπαλγέω, ἀπέρχομαι; finishing and completion, as in ἀπαρτίζω, ἀποτελέω: refers to the pattern from which a copy is taken, as in ἀπογράφειν, ἀφομοιοὖν, etc.; or to him from whom the action proceeds, as in ἀποδείκνυμι, ἀποτολμάω, etc.
ἀπο-βαίνω: fut. ἀποβήσομαι; 2 aor. ἀπέβην: 1. to come down from: a ship (so even in Hom.), ἀπό, Lk. v. 2 [Τr mrg. br. ἀπ’ αὐτῶν]; εἰς τὴν γῆν, Jn. xxi. 9. 2. trop. to turn out, ‘eventuate,’ (so fr. Hdt. down): ἀποβήσεται ὑμῖν εἰς μαρτύριον it will issue, turn out, Lk. xxi. 13; εἰς σωτηρίαν, Phil. i. 19. (Job xiii. 16; Artem. oneir. 3, 66.)*
