Page:An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language.djvu/62

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böse, adj., from the equiv. MidHG. bœse, OHG. bôsi, ‘bad, useless, slanderous.’ A word peculiar to Germ., not found in the other dialects; the primary meaning, judging from OHG. bôsa, ‘buffoonery,’ bôsân, ‘to vilify,’ was probably ‘speaking malevolently.’ If -si- were regarded us a suffix, Gr. φαῦλος (perhaps for φαῦσ-λος), with the evolution of meaning ‘trifling, bad, wicked,’ would be connected with böse.

Bösewicht, m., ‘villain, scamp,’ from MidHG. bœsewiht, OHG. bôsiwiht. See Wicht.

Bosheit, ‘malice,’ from MidHG. and OHG. bôsheit, without mutation, because i, the cause of the mutation, was soon syncopated. Empören is not cognate.

bosseln (1) vb., ‘to play at skittles'; allied to MidHG. bôzen (without the deriv. l), ‘to strike’ and ‘to play at skittles.’ See Amboß and Beutel.

bosseln (2.), vb., ‘to work in relief,’ [rom Fr. bosseler, whence also E. to emboss.

Bote, m., ‘messenger,’ from the equiv. MidHG. bote, OHG. boto; comp. OLG. and ODu. bodo, AS. boda, ‘messenger.’ To this Botschaft, from MidHG. boteschaft, botschaft, OHG. botoscaft, botascaf (OSax. bodscepi, AS. bodscipe), is related. See Schaft. Bote (Goth. *buda) is the name of the agent, from the root bud, Aryan bhudh, appearing in bieten.

Böttcher, m., ‘cooper,’ name of the agent, from the following word.

Bottich, m, ‘tub, vat,’ from the equiv. MidHG. botech, boteche, m, OHG. botahha, f.; it is probably related to the cognates of Bütte; comp. further AS. bodig, E. body, OHG. budeming, perhaps also ModHG. Boden?. Considering the deriv. of ModHG. Bischof from episcopus, we may assume that Bottich is allied to Lat.-Gr. apotheca; comp. Ital. bottega (Fr. boutique).

Bowle, f., from the equiv. E. bowl. See Bolle (2.).

boxen, vb., ModHG. only, from the equiv. E. to box.

brach, adj. (espec. in compounds such as Brachfeld, &c.), ‘uncultivated, fallow,’ merely ModHG. In MidHG. there is only the compound brâchkmânôt, ‘June,’ which contains a subst. brâche, f., OHG. brâhha (MidLG. brâke), ‘aratio prima,’ as its first component; Brache is ‘turning up the soil after harvest’; from brechen.

Brack, n., ‘refuse, trash,’ from MidLG. brak, ‘infirmity, defect, properly

'breach’; comp. E. brack (‘breach, flaw’), See brechen.

Bracke, m., ‘setter, beagle,’ from the equiv. MidHG. and MidLG. bracke, OHG. braccho; scarcely akin to AS. rœcc, E. rach (‘setter’), and OIc. rakke; in this case the initial b of the Ger. word would be equal to bi (see be-, bei), which is improbable. E. brach (‘setter, beagle’), from MidE. brache, is derived from OFr. brache, which, with its Rom. cognates (comp. Ital. bracco, Fr. braque, brachet), is of Ger. origin. If we must assume Goth. *brakka-, the word, on account of the meaning ‘hound,’ might be connected with Lat. fragrare, ‘to smell strongly.’

Brackwasser, n., ‘brackish water,’ first occurs in ModHG., from LG. brakwater, comp. Du. brakwater; to this E. brack (‘salt’), Du. brack, ‘salty,’ are allied; E. brackish water.

Brägen, m., ‘brain’ (LG.), from MidLG. bregen, equiv. to Du. brein, E. brain, AS. brœgen; no other related words are known.

Bram, see Brombeere, verbrämen.

Bramsegel, n., ‘gallant-sail’; Bramstange, f., ‘gallant-mast,’ ModHG. only; of Du. origin; comp. Du. bramzeil, with the same meaning.

Brand, m., ‘fire, conflagration, mortification, blight,’ from the equiv. MidHG. brant(d), OHG. brant, m.; comp. AS. brand, E. brand, OIc. brandr, ‘brand, resinous wood’; from brennen. The root is bren (from the Germ., the Rom. cognates Ital. brando, ‘sword,’ Fr. brandon, ‘torch,’ are derived). Brandmarken, ‘to burn in a mark,’ first occurs in ModHG.

branden, vb. ‘to surge,’ ModHG. only, from LG. and Du. branden, which is connected with Brand, and means lit. ‘to blaze, to move like flames’; from this Brandung is formed.

Brander, m., ModHG. only, from the equiv. Du. brander, ‘a ship filled with combustibles for setting the vessels of the enemy on fire, fireship.’

Brahne, f., ‘outskirts of a wood.’ See verbrämen.

Brasse, f., ‘rope at the end of the sailyards, brace,’ first occurs in ModHG., from Du. bras, Fr. bras (from brachium), property ‘arm,’ then ‘a brace (on a yard).’ Brassen, ‘to brace, swing the yards of a ship,’ is Du. brassen, from Fr. brasser; comp. also E. brace (‘a yard rope’), of the same origin.