TRIBES]
INDIANS, NORTH AMERICAN
461
| Tribe. | Stock. | Situation, Population, &c. | Degree of Intermixture. |
Condition, Progress, &c. | Authorities. |
| Eskimo (central regions). | Eskimoan. | About 2500. | Little. | Not much improvement except here and there. Some reached by Episcopalian mission. | Boas, 6th Ann. Rep. Bur. Ethnol., 1884–1885, and Bull. Amer. Nat. Hist., 1901 and 1908. |
| Eskimo (Mackenzie, &c.). | Eskimoan. | About 1500. | Little. | Not much improvement. Reached by Catholic missions. | Petitot, Les Grands Esquimaux (1887), Monographie des Esquimaux Tchiglit (Paris, 1876) and other writings; Stefánsson, Harper's Magazine, 1908–1909. |
| Eskimo (Alaska). | Eskimoan. | About 12,000, exclusive of Aleuts. | Considerable on certain parts of coast. | Much improvement in parts since introduction of reindeer in 1892. Presbyterian, Methodist, Catholic, Moravian, Baptist, Swedish Evangelical, Quaker, Congregational, Lutheran missions now at work. | Dall, Contrib. N. Amer. Ethnol., vol. i., 1877; Murdoch, 9th Ann. Rep. Bur. Ethnol., 1887–1888; and Nelson, 18th Rep., 1896–1897; Barnum, Innuit Gramm. and Dict. (1901). |
| Eskimo (N.E. Asia). | Eskimoan. | About 1200. | Little. | Little improvement. | Hooper, Tents of the Tuski (1851); Dall, Amer. Naturalist (1881). See Eskimo (Alaska). |
| Flatheads. | Salishan. | 615 at Flathead Agency, Montana. | Considerable. | Continued Improvement. Catholic missions. | McDermott, Journ. Amer. Folk-Lore, 1901; Ronan, Flathead Indians (1890). |
| Gosiute. | Shoshonian. | About 200 in Utah. | Little. | Some improvement in last few years. | Chamberlin, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1908. See Paiute, Ute. |
| Grosventres (Atsina). | Algonkian. | 558 at Ft. Belknap Agency, Montana. | Little. | Law-abiding, industrious and fast becoming more moral. Catholic, chief mission influence, also Presbyterian. | Kroeber, Anthrop. Pap. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 1907–1908. |
| Haida. | Haidan. | About 600 on Queen Charlotte Is., and 300 in Alaska. Decreasing. | Some little. | Now “gradually advancing along the lines of civilization.” Mission influences Methodists and Anglican, with much success, especially former. | Swanton, Contrib. to Ethnol. of the Haida (1905) and other writings; Boas, Rep. Brit. Assoc. Adv. Sci., 1889; Newcombe, Congr. intern, des Amér (Quebec, 1906). |
| Hankut'qin. | Athabaskan. | About 400 on the Yukon, above the Kotlo, in Alaska. | Little, if any. | Not yet much under white or missionary influence. | See Babines. |
| Hares. | Athabaskan. | About 600 W. of Gt. Bear Lake to Eskimo country, in N.W. Canada. | Little. | “Wild and indolent,” with little improvement. Reached by Catholic missions. | See Babines, Carriers, Chipewyan. |
| Havasupai. | Yuman. | 166 N. of Prescott in N.W. Arizona. Decreasing. | Little. | “Good workers”; not yet distinctly under mission influence. | James, Indians of the Painted Desert Region (Boston, 1903); Dorsey, Indians of the South-west (1903). |
| Hidatsa. | Siouan. | 467 near Ft. Berthold, N. Dakota. | Little. | Making good progress. Congregational and Catholic missions. | Matthews, Ethnogr. and Philol. of the Hidatsa (1877); McGee, 15th Ann. Rep. Bur. Ethnol., 1893–1894; Pepper and Wilson, Mem. Amer. Anthrop. Assoc., 1908. |
| Hupa. | Athabaskan. | 420 in Hoopa Valley, N.E. California. | Little. | Self-supporting by agriculture and stock-raising. Presbyterian and Episcopal missions with good results. | Goddard, Life and Culture of the Hupa (1903), Hupa Texts (1904), and other writings. |
| Hurons of Lorette. | Iroquoian. | 466 at Lorette, near the city of Quebec. Increasing, but losing somewhat by emigration. | No pure-bloods left. | Practically civilized. All Catholics, except one Anglican and six Presbyterians. | Gérin, Rep. Brit. Assoc. Adv. Sci., 1900. |
| Iowa. | Siouan. | 246 in Kansas; 88 in Oklahoma. Holding their own. | Considerable. | In 1906 “accomplished more on their allotments than at any time heretofore.” One regular missionary. | Dorsey, Trans. Anthrop. Soc. Wash., 1883, and 15th Ann. Rep. Bur. Ethnol., 1893–1894; also 11th Rep. |
| Iroquois (of Caughnawaga). | Iroquoian. | 2075 at Caughnawaga, in S.W. Quebec (largely Mohawk). Increasing. | Few, if any, pure-bloods left. | Practically civilized and making fair progress. Chiefly Catholics, but there is a Methodist school. | Ann. Rep. Dept. Ind. Aff. Canada, 1907. |
| Iroquois (of Lake of Two Mountains). | Iroquoian. | 395 at Lake of Two Mountains, Quebec. | Few, if any, pure-bloods left. | Practically civilized and making fair progress. Catholics and Methodists represented. | Cuoq, Lexique de la langue iroquoise (1882), and other writings. |
| Iroquois (of St Régis). | Iroquoian. | 1449 at St Régis, Quebec; 1208 at St Regis, New York. | Few pure-bloods left. | Practically all civilized and making fair progress. | Ann. Rep. Dept. Ind. Aff. Canada, 1907. |
| Iroquois (of Watha). | Iroquoian. | About 65 at Watha (formerly Gibson), near the southern end of Lake Muskoka, Ontario. | Considerable. | Industrious and progressive. Influence of Methodist mission. | Ann. Rep. Dept. Ind. Aff. Canada, 1907. |
| Iroquois (of St Albert). | Iroquoian. | 94 near St Albert, Alberta (“Michel's band”). | “Indians only in name,” no pure-bloods left. | Practically civilized; outlook promising. Catholics. | Chamberlain, Amer. Anthrop., 1904. |
| Jicarilla (Apache). | Athabaskan. | 784 in New Mexico. Decreasing. | Little. | Improvement during past few years. | Mooney, Amer. Anthrop., 1898. See Apache. |
| Kaibab. | Shoshonian. | About 100 in S.W. Utah. Decreasing. | Little. | “Destitute,” but gaining somewhat. | See Paiute, Ute. |
| Kaigani. | Haidan. | About 300 in S. Alaska. | See Haida. | See Haida. | See Haida. |
| ’Kaiyuhkho’tenne | Athabaskan. | About 1500 on the Yukon (between the Anvik and Koyukuk) in W. Alaska. | Little. | Up to the present influenced more by the Eskimo than by the whites. | See Babines, Carriers. Also Chapman, Congr. inter. d. Amér. (Quebec, 1906). |
| Kalapooia. | Kalapuyan. | About 125 at Grande Ronde, Oregon, and a few also on the Siletz Reservation. | Not much. | Continued improvement. | Powell, 7th Ann. Rep. Bur. Ethnol., 1885–1886; Gatschet, Journ. Amer. Folk-Lore, 1899; Lewis, Mem. Amer. Anthrop. Assoc., 1906. |
| Kalispel (Pend d'Oreille). | Salishan. | 826 on the Flathead Reservation, Montana; 98 at Colville Agency, Washington. | Considerable. | Continued improvement. Catholic missions. | Giorda, Kalispel Dictionary (1877–1879). See Chehalis. |
