464
INDIANS, NORTH AMERICAN
[TRIBES
| Tribe. | Stock. | Situation, Population, &c. | Degree of Intermixture. |
Condition, Progress, &c. | Authorities. |
| Pamunkey. | Algonkian. | About 140 in King William county, Virginia. | All mixed-bloods; some negro mixture. | Fishermen and small farmers. | Pollard, The Pamunkey Indians of Virginia (Washington, 1894). |
| Panamint. | Shoshonian. | About 100 in the Panammt Valley, S.E. California. | No data. | Stationary. | Coville, Amer. Anthrop., 1892. |
| Papago. | Piman. | 4991 in Arizona; about 1000 in Mexico. | Little. | Making very good progress recently. Catholic mission. | McGee in Coville and Macdougal, Des. bot. lab., 1903; Bandelier, Arch. Inst. Papers, 1890. See Pima. |
| Passamaquoddy. | Algonkian. | About 350 in Maine. | Considerable French and English. | With Penobscots have representative in Maine legislature. | Leland, Algonq. Leg. of New England (Boston, 1885); Brown, Trans. R. Soc. Canada, 1889; Prince, Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc., 1897; Leland and Prince, Kuloskap (Boston, 1902). |
| Pawnee. | Caddoan. | 649 in Oklahoma. Decreasing. | Considerable. | Citizens of U.S. Special progress recently in agriculture. Methodist mission. | Writings of Dunbar, Grinnell, Dorsey, Fletcher, &c.; Grinnell, Pawnee Hero-Stories (1889); Dorsey, Traditions of the Skidi Pawnee (Boston, 1904), and Pawnee Mythology (1906); Fletcher, 22nd Ann. Rep. Bur. Ethnol., 1900–1901. |
| Penobscot. | Algonkian. | About 410 in Maine. | Considerable. | See Passamaquoddy. | See Passamaquoddy. |
| Peoria. | Algonkian. | 192 with Kaskaskia, Wea and Plankaskaw in Oklahoma. | No pure-bloods left. | American citizens and progressing well. | See Pilling, Bibliography of the Algonquian Languages (1891). |
| Piegan. | Algonkian. | 482 near Macleod, Alberta; 2072 at Blackfoot Agency, Montana. | Considerable. | Improvement slow in Montana; in Alberta, “noticeable advance along all lines.” Methodist and Anglican missions in Alberta. | See Blackfeet. |
| Pima. | Shoshonian. | 3936 in Arizona; more in Mexico. Increasing slightly. | Considerable. | Making good progress recently. Catholic and Protestant missions. | Russel, Amer. Anthrop., 1903, Journ. Amer. Folk-Lore, 1901, and 26th Ann. Rep. Bur. Amer. Ethnol., 1904–1905; Dorsey, Indians of the South-west (1903); Hrdlička, Amer. Anthrop., 1904; Kroeber, Univ. Calif. Publ., 1907. |
| Pomo. | Kulanapan. | About 1000 in N.E. California. | Little. | Progress good. | Barrett, Ethnography of the Pomo (1908). |
| Ponca. | Siouan. | 570 in Oklahoma. | Considerable. | U.S. citizens, making good progress. | Dorsey (J. O.), Cegiha Language (1890), Omaha and Ponka Letters (1891), &c.; Dorsey (G. A.), Field Columb. Mus. Publ., 1905; Boas, Congr. int. d. Amér., Quebec, 1906. |
| Potawatomi. | Algonkian. | 179 on Walpole Island, Ontario; 1740 in Oklahoma. | Considerable. | Canadian Potawatomi are law-abiding and industrious. American Potawatomi citizens making progress. | See Pilling, Bibliography of the Algonquian Languages (1891). |
| Pueblos. | Keresan. | 3990 in 6 pueblos in N. central New Mexico. | Larger element of white blood than other Pueblos Indians, but not great. | Majority nominally Catholics. | Writings of Bandelier, Hodge, Lummis, Stevenson, &c. Stevenson, 11th Ann. Rep. Bur. Ethnol., 1889–1890; Dorsey, Indians of the South-west (1903); Bandelier, Archaeol. Inst. Papers, 1881, 1883, 1892. |
| Pueblos. | Shoshonian. | See Moqui. | See Moqui. | See Moqui. | See Moqui. |
| Pueblos. | Tanoan. | About 4200 in 12 pueblos in New Mexico. | Have not favoured intermixture. Amount little. | Nominally Catholics for most part. At San Juan notable evidences of thrift, less elsewhere. | Writings of Bandelier, Lummis, Fewkes. &c. See Pueblos (Keresan) and Moqui. |
| Pueblos. | Zuñian. | 1500 in Western New Mexico. | Have not favoured white intermixture. | Practically all are “pagans.” Substantial progress lately in several ways. | Bandelier, Journ. Amer. Ethnol. and Archaeol., 1892; Fewkes, ibid., 1891; Stevenson, 5th Ann. Rep. Bur. Ethnol., 1883–1884, and 23rd Rep., 1901–1902; Cushing, 2nd Rep., 1880–1881, 4th Rep., 1882–1883, 13th Rep., 1891–1892, and Zuñi Folk-Tales (N.Y., 1901), and other writings. |
| Puyallup. | Salishan. | 486 at the Puyallup Agency, Washington. | Considerable. | Suffering from white contact; future not bright. | See Chehalis. |
| Quapaw. | Siouan. | 292 in Oklahoma. | Considerable. | Majority are intelligent, thrifty and progressive. Catholic missions. | Dorsey (J. O.), 11th Ann. Rep. Bur. Ethnol., 1889–1890, 13th Rep. 1891–1892, and other writings. |
| Quileute. | Chemakuan. | 232 at Neah Bay Agency, N.W. Washington. | Considerable. | Progress good. | See Clallam. |
| Quinaielt. | Salishan. | 142 at Puyallup Agency in N.W. Washington. | Considerable. | See Nisqualli. | Farrand, Mem. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 1902; Conard, Open Court, 1905. |
| Sacs and Foxes (Sauk, &c.). | Algonkian. | 343 in Iowa; 630 in Oklahoma; 90 in Kansas. | Considerable. | Continued improvement; conservative opposition less. Catholic missions. | Lasley, Journ. Amer. Folk-Lore, 1902; Jones, ibid., 1901, and Fox Texts (1907); Owen, Folk-Lore of the Musquaki (1904). |
| Sanspoil. | Salishan, | 126 at Colville Agency, Washington. | Considerable. | Improving. | See Chehalis. |
| Sarcee. | Athabaskan. | 205 S.W. of Calgary, Alberta. | More than many other tribes of this stock. | Making good material progress lately. Anglican mission. | Maclean, Canad. Savage Folk (1890); Goddard, Congr. int. d. Amér., 1906; Morice, ibid. and Ann. Arch. Rep. Ontario, 1905; Simms, Journ. Amer. Folk-Lore, 1904. |
| Sekané (Sikani). | Athabaskan. | About 450 on Finlay and Parsnip rivers and W. to forks of Tatla Lake in N. central British Columbia. | Little. | Not so progressive as Carriers &c. Reached by Catholic mission from Stuart Lake. | Morice, Anthropos, 1906, 1907, and Ann. Arch. Rep. Ontario, 1905, and other writings. See Babines, Carriers. |
