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BRODZINSKI BROGLIE 305 It also has extensive tanneries and linen facto- ries. From May 8 to Oct. 7, 1849, Brody was occupied by Russian troops. In 1859 the town was desolated by a great fire. BROUZINSKI, Kazimierz, a Polish soldier and poet, born at Kr61owko in 1791, died in Dres- den, Oct. 10, 1835. In 1809 he entered the mili- tary service of his country, and fought against the Austrians; in 1812 he participated in Napo- leon's Russian campaign, and in 1813 in the campaign in Germany, until he was taken pris- oner at the battle of Leipsic. When the univer- sity of Warsaw was established, he became professor of eesthetics and literature. He was the first who attempted to reinvigorate Polish poetry from the national sources, instead of imitating Latin and French models. He also translated many of Scott's novels into Polish, in 10 vols. His complete works were published in 1842-'4. BROFFERIO, Angelo, an Italian poet and poli- tician, born at Castelnuovo, Piedmont, in 1802, died at Verbanella, on Lago Maggiore, May 26, 1866. He practised law in Turin, chiefly in criminal cases, and was at the same time an influential journalist. Having early agitated in favor of the national cause, he became the democratic leader in the chamber of depu- ties, whore he represented Oavaglia, 1848-'53, Genoa, 1853-'60, and subsequently a small borough of southern Italy, after having lost ground by his opposition to Oavour, whom he had satirized in his Tartufo politico. Sev- eral of his many dramas were successful. A 5th edition of his Oanzoni (patriotic songs in the Piedmontese dialect) appeared in 1858 ; and shortly before his death he composed Ulnno de gnerra, a popular war hymn. He also published a history of Piedmont from 1814 to 1851 (5 vols., 1849-'52), and I miei tempi (20 vols., 1858-'61). BROGLIE, or Broglia, the name of a family ori- ginally from Piedmont, established in France toward the middle of the 17th century. I. Francois Marie, born at Chieri, in Piedmont, in 1611. He entered the French service, in which he distinguished himself, was made governor of the Bastile, and died July 2, 1656. II. Victor Maurice, count de, born about 1645, distinguished himself in the army, became marshal of France, and died August 4, 1727. III. Franfols Marie, the first duke de, born Jan. 11, 1671, died May 22, 1745. He was a lieutenant general and mar- shal. In 1725 he was appointed minister to England, and negotiated the treaty between France, England, and Prussia. He afterward became distasteful to the ministers, and was banished to his estate at Broglie, where he died. IV. Victor Francois, second duke de, born Oct. 19, 1718, died at Munster in 1804. He was a lieutenant general during the seven years' war, routed the Prussians at the battle of Berghen, was created a prince of the German empire by Francis I., became marshal of France in 1759, and minister of war in 1789. In 1792 he led a body of French emir/res'va. the invasion of Champagne. V. Claude Victor, prince de, son of the preceding, born in Paris in 1757, guillo- tined June 27, 1794. He was elected deputy to the states general, gave evidence of liberal opin- ions, and was for a while president of the con- stituent assembly. Subsequently he was brig- adier general in the army on the Rhine. After the 10th of August, 1792, refusing to obey the decree of the legislative assembly suspending the power of the king, he was removed, and ulti- mately arraigned before the revolutionary tri- bunal, and executed. VI. Athllle Leonee Victor Charles, duke de, son of the preceding, born in Paris, Nov. 28, 1785, died there, Jan. 25, 1870. He gained the regard of Talleyrand, who in 1814 presented his name for appointment to the chamber of peers. During the hundred days he was elected an officer in the national guards. He married at Leghorn, Feb. 15, 1816, the daughter of Mme. de Stael. After the sec- ond restoration he resumed the title of duke, instead of that of prince, previously used in the elder branch of his family. At the trial of Marshal Ney he used every effort to save his life. In 1822 he denounced the slave trade; and after the revolution of 1830 he succeeded as minister in concluding a convention on the right of search, by which he hoped to suppress that traffic. He was appointed minister of public instruction and president of the council of state, in August, 1830, but soon disagreed with his colleagues and resigned. On Oct. 11, 1832, he reentered the cabinet as minister of foreign affairs, under Marshal Soult, with Guizot and Thiers as his colleagues. Having been defeated on a question of indemnity to the United States, he retired, April 4, 1834. In 1849 he was elected to the legislative assembly by the department of Eure, and figured among the leaders of the conservative party. In 1850 he visited Louis Philippe in England. He pro- tested against the coup d'etat of Dec. 2, 1851, was for a short time under arrest, and after- ward went to London. On his return to France in 1852, he refused to take the oath on the constitution, and tendered his resignation as a member of the council of the department of Eure. In 1856 he was made a member of the French academy, and in 1866 member of the academy of moral sciences. Three volumes of his JtHerits et Digcours were published in Pa- ris in 1863. VII. Alkertfne Ida Gnstavine de Stael, duchess de, wife of the preceding, born in 1797, died in September, 1838. She was the only daughter of Mme. de Stael, and was educated under her influence. After her marriage in 1816 with the duke de Broglie, her house in Paris became a resort of the most distinguish- ed society. She was noted for her zeal as a Protestant, though her husband was a devout Roman Catholic. After the death of her brother, Auguste de Stael, in 1827, she pre- pared a complete edition of his (Emres diverges (5 vols., Paris, 1829), with a notice containing interesting particulars of her mother's life. Her essays were collected after her death