People perhaps 50000l. per annum, though Farmed at much less, and all other Labour of Horses, and Porters, at least six times as much; The value of |[14]| this conveniency I estimate to be above Three Hundred Thousand pounds per annum.
5. The defensibleness of the Country, by reason of itsThe defensibleness of Holland. Situation in the Sea upon Islands[1], and in the Marshes, Impassible ground Diked and Trenched, especially considering how that place is aimed at for its Wealth; I say the charge of defending that Country, is easier than if it were a plain Champion, at least 200000l. per annum.
6. Holland is so considerable for keeping Ships inHarbouring of Shipping at small expence. Harbour with small expence of Men, and ground Tackle, that it saves per annum 200000l. of what must be spent in France. Now if all these natural advantages do amount to above one Million per annum Profits, and that the Trade of all Europe, nay of the whole World, with which our Europeans do Trade, is not above 45 Millions p. an. and if 1⁄50 of the value be 1⁄7 of the Profit, it is plain that the Hollander may Command and Govern the whole Trade.
7. Those who have their Situation thus towards the Sea,Advantages from Fishing. and abound with Fish at home, and having also the com-|[15]|mand of Shipping, have by consequence the Fishing Trade, whereof that of Herring alone, brings more yearly Profit to the Hollanders than the Trade of the West-Indies to Spain, or of the East to themselves, as many have affirmed, being as the same say[2] viis & modis of above three Millions per annum Profit.
8. It is not to be doubted, but those who have the Advantages by Naval Provisions.Trade of Shipping and Fishing[3] will secure themselves of- ↑ S, 'made by ye sea & Trenches' was inserted by Petty and then stricken out, not in R.
- ↑ S, R, 'themselves, being as some say,' S altered to 'themselves as many have affirmed, being as the same say' by Petty.
- ↑ See John Keymour's Observations made upon the Dutch Fishings about the year 1601, demonstrating that there is more Wealth raised out of the Herrings and other Fish in his Majesty's Seas, by the neighbouring Nations in one Year than the King of Spain hath from the Indies in four, London, 1664, 4°. Also Sir John Burroughs, The Sovereignty of the British Seas, London, 1651, 12°, p. 115; Evelyn, Navigation and Commerce in McCulloch's Select Collection of Tracts on Commerce, 95, and note 4, p. 242.
