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Birds of North and Middle America, part V/Genus 25. Eulampis Boie

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Genus EULAMPIS Boie.

Eulampis Boie, Isis, 1831, 547. (Type, Trochilus jugularis Linnæus.)
Culampis (typographical error?) Lesson, Ind. Gen. Troch., 1832, p. vii.

Rather large Trochilidæ (length about 115-125 mm.); upper parts and under parts of body velvety black, tail-coverts bright metallic bluish green, wings bright metallic bronze-green, and throat and chest soft metallic reddish purple.

Bill longer than head, rather stout, strongly decurved, nearly terete, but decidedly broader than deep basally; culmen rounded but basally contracted into a narrow ridge; terminal portion of maxillary tomium minutely serrate; mandible with a distinct lateral median broad groove or sulcus. Nasal operculum narrow, hidden by dense frontal feathering, the latter extending to or slightly beyond anterior end of nostril, forming a distinct point or antia on each side of mesorhinium. Tarsus stout, densely feathered, except lower and posterior portions; lateral toes equal in length, decidedly shorter than middle toe, the hallux as long as lateral toes or very slightly shorter. Wing more than three times as long as exposed culmen, the outer- most primary longest. Tail about half as long as wing, emarginate, the rectrices very broad, with broadly rounded tip, the lateral ones strongly incurved; upper tail-coverts very large and broad. ​Coloration. — Pileum, back, and under parts of body velvety black; upper tail-coverts bright metallic bluish green; tail dark metallic green or greenish black; wings (including remiges) bright metaUic bronze-green; chin, throat, and chest soft reddish purple. Sexes alike.

Range. — Lesser Antilles. (Monotypic.)

EULAMPIS JUGULARIS (Linnæus).

PURPLE CARIB.

Adults (sexes alike). — Upper parts, except wings, upper tail-coverts, and tail, uniform velvety black; upper tail-coverts metallic bluish green or greenish blue; tail greenish black, glossed with metallic bluish green; wings bright metallic green, the wing-coverts and secondaries more yellowish or golden green, the primaries more bluish green, duller (nearly black on the two outermost); malar region, chin, throat, and chest uniform metallic reddish purple (maroon purple to nearly burnt carmine), this color encroaching on sides of neck; under tail-coverts bright metallic bluish green or greenish blue; rest of under parts velvety black; under surface of wings metallic green, brightest on coverts; bill black; iris dark brown; feet dusky.

Immature. — Essentially like adults, but reddish purple of throat, etc., narrower, restricted to a broad median stripe, the lateral portions (including malar region) black; black of upper parts glossed, more or less, with bluish green (in younger individuals intermixed, more or less, with brown feathers).

Adult male. — Length (skins), 114-136 (124); wing, 67-78.5 (74.3); tail, 35-45 (39.9); culmen, 21-27.5 (22.8).[1]

Adult female. — Length, (skins), 114-132 (124); wing, 65-78 (71.1); tail, 33.5-42.5 (38); culmen, 19-30 (25.2).[2] ​ Lesser Antilles (islands of St. Christopher, Nevis, Barbuda, Montserrat, Guadeloupe, Grand Terre, Dominica, Martinique, Santa Lucia, Bequia, St. Vincent, and Barbados).

[Trochilus] jugularis Linnæus, Syst. Nat., ed. 12, i, 1766, 190 (based on Red-breasted Humming-bird Edwards, Gleanings, ii, pl. 266, fig. 2; etc.). — Gmelin, Syst. Nat., i, pt. 1, 1788, 489. — {[sc|Latham}}, Index Orn., i, 1790, 305.
Trochilus jugularis Müller, Syst. Nat. Suppl., 1776, 100 (cites Buff. Pl. Enl. 277, fig. 3). — Audebert and Vieillot, Ois. Dorés, i, 1801, 17, pl. 4; ii, 1802, 126. — Temminck, Cat. Syst., 1807, 79.
P[olytmus] jugularis Gray, Gen. Birds, i, Dec, 1848, 108.
[Polytmus] jugularis Gray, Hand-list, i, 1869, 130, no. 1648.
Eulampis jugularis Reichenbach, Aufz. der Colibr., 1854, 11; Troch. Enum., 1855, 9, pl. 796, figs. 4851, 4852. — Gould, Mon. Troch., pt. xiv, 1857 (vol. ii, 1861), pl. 82; Introd. Troch., oct. ed., 1861, 67. — Sclater, Cat. Am. Birds, 1862, 291; Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1871, 272 (Santa Lucia); 1889, 326 (Dominica), 395 (Santa Lucia). — {[sc|Taylor}}, [[The Ibis|Ibis}}, 1864, 169 (Martinique; Dominica; habits). — Mulsant and Verreaux, Classif. Troch., 1866, 45; Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouch., ii, livr. 2, 1875, 131 (Martinique, etc.; "north Brazil"); iv, livr. 3, 1878, 200. — Semper, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1872, 651 (Santa Lucia). — Elliot, Ibis, 1872, 352 (synon.; crit.); Classif. and Synop. Troch., 1879, 43. — Lawrence, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., i, 1878, 60 (Dominica), 192 (St. Vincent), 240 (Barbuda); i, 1879, 358 (Martinique), 458 (Guadeloupe), 487 (Guadeloupe; Dominica; Martinique; St. Vincent). — Allen, Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, v, 1880, 167 (Santa Lucia). — Lister, Ibis, 1880, 42 (St. Vincent). — Grisdale, Ibis, 1882, 489 (Montserrat). — Cory, Auk, iii, 1886, 351, 473 (St. Vincent); iv, 1887, 96 (Martinique); viii, 1891, 48 (St. Christopher; Guadeloupe); Ibis, 1886, 475 (Grand Terre); Birds West Ind., 1889, 145; Cat. West Ind. Birds, 1892, 13, 106, 143. — Salvin, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus., xvi, 1892, 102. — Verrill (G. and A. H.), Trans. Conn. Ac. Arts and Sci., viii, 1892, 330, pl. 25, fig. 1 (Dominica; habits; descr. nest). — Boucard, Gen. Hum. Birds, 1895, 336). — Lodge, Ibis, 1896, 509 (Dominica; habits). — Nicoll, Ibis, 1904, 562 (Santa Lucia), 570 (Dominica). — Clark (A. H.), Proc. Bost. Soc. N. H., xxxii, 1905, 273 (St. Vincent; Bequia).
E[ulampis] jugularis Cabanis and Heine, Mus. Hein., iii, 1860, 17 (Martinique). — Hartert, Das Tierreich, Troch., 1900, 102.
[Eulampis] jugularis Bonaparte, Consp. Av., i, 1850, 72 ("St. Thomas;" "Gujana;" "Cayenna"); Rev. et Mag. de Zool., 1854, 250. — Sclater and Salvin, Nom. Av. Neotr., 1873, 81. — Mulsant, Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii, 1876, 210. — Sharpe, Hand-list, ii, 1900, 119.
Eulampes jugularis Hartert, Kat. Vogelsamml. Mus. Senckenb., 1891, 114 (Martinique).
[Trochilus] auratus Gmelin, Syst. Nat., i, pt. 1, 1788, 487 (based on Garnet-throated Humming-bird Latham, Synop., i, pt. 2, 752).
Trochilus auratus Lesson, Hist. Nat. Colibr., 1830-31, 46, pl. 10; Index Gen. et Synop. Troch., 1832, p. vii.
Trochilus (Culampis) auratus Lesson, Index Gen. et Synop. Troch., 1832, 7.
[Trochilus] auratus, var. β. Gmelin, Syst. Nat., i, pt. 1, 1788, 487 (based on Grenat Buffon, Hist. Nat. Ois., vi, 48).
[Trochilus] violaceus Gmelin, Syst. Nat., i, pt. 1, 1788, 488 (based on Colibri violet Buffon, Hist. Nat. Ois., vi, 57; Colibri violet de Cayenne Buffon, Pl. Enl., pl. 600, fig. 2; Polytmus cayennensis violaceus Brisson, Orn., iii, 683, pl. 35, fig. 3). — Latham, Index Orn., i, 1790, 306.
Trochilus violaceus Vieillot, Nouv. Diet. d'Hist. Nat., -ii, 1817, 358. ​
T[rochilus] violaceus Vieillot, Tabl. Enc. Meth., ii, 1822, 552.
T[opaza] violacea Gray, Gen. Birds, i, Dec, 1848, 110.
Trochilus (Culampis) violaceus Lesson, Index Gen. et Synop. Troch., 1832, p. vii.
(?)[Trochilus] venustissimus Gmelin, Syst. Nat., i, 1788, 490 (based on Polytmus mexicanus cyaneus Briss. Av. 3, p. 681, n. 9; Avicula mexicana cyaneo colore venutissima Seb. Mus. I, p. 102, t. 65, f. 3; etc.).
(?)[Trochilus] cyanomelas Gmelin, Syst. Nat., i, 1788, 498 (based on Black and blue Humming-bird Bancr. Guj. p. 167; Latham, Syn. i, 2, p. 782, n. 50).
[Trochilus] granatinus Latham, Index Orn., i, 1790, 305 (based on Trochilus auratus Gmelin; Garnet-throated Humming-bird Latham, Synop., ii, 752, 9, pl. 34).
Trochilus granatinus Vieillot, Nouv. Diet. d'Hist. Nat., vii, 1817, 350 (cites Trochilus auratus Gmelin, and Ois. Dorés, "pl. 4, de l'Hist. Colibris d'Audebert").
(?) [Trochilus] cyaneus Latham, Index Orn., i, 1790, 309 (based on Trochilus venustissimus Gmelin; Polytmus mexicanus cyaneus Brisson, Orn., iii, 681, 3; Le Colibri bleu Buffon, Ois., vi, 61; etc.).
(?){Trochilus] bancrofti Latham, Index Orn., i, 1790, 317 (based on Trochilus cyanomelas Gmelin; Black and blue Humming-bird Bancroft, Guiana, p. 167; Latham, Synop., ii, 782).
Trochilus bancrofti Vieillot, Nouv. Dict. d'Hist. Nat., vii, 1817, 359.
Certhia prasinoptera Sparrman, Mus. Carls., fasc. 4, no. lxxxi, 1789, pl. 81 (based on Souimanga prasinoptere Vieillot, Ois. Dor., ii, 1802, 65).
Eulampis jugularis eximius Berlepsch, Ibis, July, 1887, 294 (Nevis, Lesser Antilles; coll. Count von Berlepsch).
[Eulampis jugularis] eximius Hartert, Novit. Zool., v, 1898, 520 (crit.).

  1. ↑ Thirty specimens.
  2. ↑ Fifteen specimens.
    Locality. Wing. Tail. Exposed
    culmen.
    males
    Two adult males from St. Christopher 76 39 24
    One adult male from Nevis 75 41 24
    Four adult males from Guadeloupe 72.6 39.5 23.3
    Seven adult males from Dominica 75.6 40.7 22.5
    Seven adult males from Martinique 75.6 41.6 22.3
    Eight adult males from St. Vincent 72 38 22.8
    One adult male from Barbados 78 41 23
    females
    One adult female from St. Christopher 70.5 36.5 30
    Two adult females from Guadeloupe 69.2 35.7 25.7
    Seven adult females from Dominica 73.1 39.6 24
    Two adult females from St. Vincent 66.5 34.5 25
    One adult female from Martinique 71 39 27
    Two adult females from Santa Lucia 70.5 38.5 26
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